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How to Prevent the Novel Coronavirus Infections

How to Prevent the Novel Coronavirus Infections

Among the novel coronavirus outbreak, we need to do our best to avoid being infected and spreading virus to protect both ourselves and our families. We should carry out basic prevention measures, refrain from unnecessary outgoing and avoid "Three Cs" environment. Basic prevention measures include washing hands frequently, cough etiquette, eating and sleeping well and keeping in good health. As calculated and predicted by professors on infectious diseases, coronavirus can be defeated if everyone reduces 80% of contract with other people. So we should stay at home as much as possible, and minimize the number of person going out if we have to buy necessary things.

If we have to go out, environment with the following "Three Cs" overlap should be avoided as the risk of occurrence of clusters is particularly high:Closed spaces with insufficient ventilation; Crowded conditions with people; Conversations in short distance. This paper is going to discuss some most concerned questions about prevention.

What actions should we take at home if a family member is suspected or infected of novel coronavirus?

First of all, the family member should avoid going out, and we other family members should also avoid unnecessary and non urgent outgoing and monitor our health status everyday. If any symptom occurs to us such as fever, coughing, etc, we should not go to office. Also the following precautions are recommended to be taken at home:

Segregate rooms

Avoid sharing one room with the infected person when eating and sleeping. If there is no spare room to segregate, keep a distance of at least 2 meters from the infected person, and set partitions or curtains, etc.,between. If we have to sleep in the same room, sleep with both heads staggered.

Limit persons responsible for caring for infected person as much as possible

People with diseases or reduced immunity or pregnant women should avoid taking care of the infected person.

Wear a face mask

Do not touch surface of used mask. Remove a mask by pinching off the rubber or string and immediately throw away without taking it to another room. And wash our hands with soap or take alcohol disinfectant instantly.

Wash our hands often

Do not touch our eyes, nose, mouth, etc.,before washing our hands. Wash our hands with soap or disinfect with alcohol frequently.

Ventilate our home

Regularly open windows to ventilate rooms once for a few minutes, and more than once per hour.

Disinfect shared things that will be touched by our hands

As virus can survive for a while on objects, wipe share parts like door handles, knobs, bed fences, etc.,with diluted household chlorine bleach.

Toilets and bathrooms should be cleaned frequently by rinsing with household detergent, and then disinfecting well with a household disinfectant.

Towels, clothes, dishes, chopsticks and spoons should not be used before cleaning.

Wash dirty clothes

Wash dirty clothes with gloves and masks wore and dry them completely. A common type of household detergent and laundry machine is fine to use.

Seal the garbage bag before disposition

Put used paper tissues and face masks in a plastic bag, seal it before disposition. After that wash our hands immediately.

What is "close contact with infected person"?

As a general used indication to determine if we may have been infected,"close contact with infected person"; doesn't require us to hug the infected person to be applicable. It is determined by two factors:

  • The closeness of distance
  • The length of time

For example, we may be considered to be a close contact if we touched an infected person directly without necessary preventive measures, or contact with him or her for over 15 minutes by face-to-face within our hand reach, which is about 1 meter. So we are easy to be close contact if we talk with someone face-to-face in 1 meter for over 15 minutes, or even we just stand in an environment full of people talking.

What is Cough Etiquette?

Not only novel coronavirus, but also influenza is transmitted by coughing and sneezing droplets. Cough Etiquette is a way to avoid spreading the droplets by covering our mouth and nose with face mask, tissue, or with the crook of our arm if a tissue is unavailable when we cough or sneeze.

Holding cough and sneeze with our hands is not recommended as the virus may still be spreaded through things we touched by hands, such as door knobs, elevator buttons, etc.

What should be noticed about events?

As events are usually held at "Three Cs" overlap environments, they should be refrained by both organisers and customers, especially high-risk places like bars, nightclubs, karaokes, and live houses.

What prevention measures are taken at social welfare facilities for elderly people?

As the elderly is prone to develop severe symptoms once infected, prevention measures are particularly important at social welfare facilities. Besides basic prevention measures like wearing masks, washing hands and taking alcohol disinfectants, and monitoring body temperature of both facility users and staff, actions for not bringing virus into facilities are also taken thoroughly.

Including ensuring staff refrain from going to work if they have a fever or other symptoms and avoid "Three Cs" even off work; Restricting visits to facilities except for emergencies and truly necessary, and taking visitors' temperature before letting in; Receiving pickups and deliveries only at the entrance without letting people enter facilities, etc.

Should we take a rest for part time job?

We may be forced to rest our part-time job if our employer is requested to stop business by the municipals according to the declaration of state of emergency, such as karaokes, pachinkos, restaurants with customer service, etc. Or we have to leave our job for taking care of children because schools are stopped. Or our shifts may be reduced out of less of customers.

While for other businesses considered as necessary to the society, such as supermarkets selling food products, employees are expected to keep working with prevention measures. However, if we want to take a rest and have no financial problems, we can also apply for idling our shifts.